Research of water losses in the pipe network of the sprinkler irrigation plot

The paper presents the results of research on water losses from the pipe network of irrigation plots still in the exploitation phase in Romania. These plotters have a long service life, considering their creation about 40-50 years ago. The advanced degree of wear and tear of network components, especially pipes and hydrants, led to the occurrence and maintenance of water losses. The assessment of water losses is done directly on site by measurements on the pipe network. The simulation of water losses is carried out by using appropriate calculation programs in this field (Epanet and its extensions, Hydra, AutoCad, ArcMap), with the use of databases created in Excel and Word. The simulation requires a complex data base collected from the field, from the design documentation and from the network operation process. The input data required in the analysis program are represented by sets of word, excel, .xlș and .dxf files and so on. The results obtained by simulation are exported in tables, graphs, curves of variation of hydraulic parameters and other

Rehabilitation and modernization of irrigation plots for current operating conditions

The optimal exploitation of irrigation systems after 1989 imposed a series of conditions determined by the political regime, the form of land ownership, the labor shortage and the influence of climate change in the last period of time. Irrigation plots in Romania, basic components of large irrigation systems built before 1989, are in an advanced wear phase and no longer meet the current technical requirements in terms of management. A requirement for the existence of an irrigation system is dictated by the presence of viable water sources in terms of volume and permanence during the irrigation season. The form of private ownership of agricultural land imposed a restructuring of irrigated areas according to the way of association of owners. Climate change coupled with labor shortages in the agricultural sector has necessitated the adoption of irrigation methods that reduce the rate of irrigation and use automated irrigation equipment. The paper aims to present a series of directions for refurbishment and modernization of irrigation plots based on studies and research conducted in irrigation systems in Moldova

Studies and research on water losses from irrigation systems

The advanced degree of wear of the irrigation system infrastructure determines the occurrence and maintenance of water losses. The research was conducted in irrigation systems located in the eastern part of Romania and which have different periods of operation, but all performed before 1990. The research highlighted the complexity of the process of degradation of structural elements and the development of water loss. The structural degradation of the canals and pipes under the action of natural and anthropogenic factors determined the appearance of water losses and, implicitly, the decrease of the hydraulic efficiency. The research highlighted a degree of degradation of the supply and distribution channels of about 40-60%. An important influence in the degradation action was the absence of maintenance and repair works. Significant water losses are recorded in the pipelines. Their value reaches 18 - 27% of the transported flow, being determined by the wear of the material and the aging of the components of the hydraulic installations. Water losses are of the visible, hidden and background type. The use of European funds to rehabilitate irrigation systems requires reducing water losses

Research on structural and functional status of supply channels in irrigation systems

Irrigation systems in Romania were built 40-60 years ago, and those that are still in operation have varying degrees of infrastructure degradation. The degradation of the structural components of the irrigation system determined the appearance of water losses and the decrease of the exploitation efficiency. Research conducted over about 15 years has shown the state of advanced degradation of the supply channels and a significant decrease in their operating yields up to 40-60%. The absence of maintenance, repair and rehabilitation works determined the structural degradation of the canals. The degradation phenomena are represented by clogging, compaction, erosion of the slab sealing joint, cracking - breaking - movement of the slabs on the perimeter of the canal, etc. Important degradations are highlighted in the constructions on the canals: hydrotechnical derivation nodes, underpasses of roads, water intake of the pumping stations, etc. All this causes a large part of the volume of water transported by the canals to be lost through infiltration. The current structural and functional state of the irrigation canals requires the immediate application of rehabilitation works

Research and Science Today Supplement No.1(3)/2012

Research and Science Today Journal is a publication founded in 2011 and it is dedicated to the students of all levels (license, master and doctoral) of faculties in the country and abroad. We want to offer the participants the opportunity to present their scientific works in the following areas: Social Sciences, Economic Sciences, Legal Sciences, Humanities, Education Sciences, Engineering, Medicine and Sport. This journal provides students the opportunity to create and / or to improve their abilities to write scientific papers. So each appearance (two appearances per year at which we can add supplements) contains a number of papers written by students, masters and doctoral from the faculties from the country or / and abroad. The journal promotes original studies contributing to the progress of knowledge and it is motivated by the need to address issues of theory and practice in the areas mentioned above. The Journal is a training means of the factors involved in the conceptualization, development, implementation and evaluation , aiming the formation of creative personalities who could be able to adapt through the changing conditions of life. Journal wants to be a forum for debates disciplinaries and interdisciplinaries theoretical topics, to become a research support, to leverage this work at regional, national and international levels. We believe that this gathering will enjoy the support from both parts of the researchers and of the practitioners, and will provide appropriate training sources held professional through the current problems

Research and Science Today Supplement No.1(3)/2012

Research and Science Today Journal is a publication founded in 2011 and it is dedicated to the students of all levels (license, master and doctoral) of faculties in the country and abroad. We want to offer the participants the opportunity to present their scientific works in the following areas: Social Sciences, Economic Sciences, Legal Sciences, Humanities, Education Sciences, Engineering, Medicine and Sport. This journal provides students the opportunity to create and / or to improve their abilities to write scientific papers. So each appearance (two appearances per year at which we can add supplements) contains a number of papers written by students, masters and doctoral from the faculties from the country or / and abroad. The journal promotes original studies contributing to the progress of knowledge and it is motivated by the need to address issues of theory and practice in the areas mentioned above. The Journal is a training means of the factors involved in the conceptualization, development, implementation and evaluation , aiming the formation of creative personalities who could be able to adapt through the changing conditions of life. Journal wants to be a forum for debates disciplinaries and interdisciplinaries theoretical topics, to become a research support, to leverage this work at regional, national and international levels. We believe that this gathering will enjoy the support from both parts of the researchers and of the practitioners, and will provide appropriate training sources held professional through the current problems